1 Kings 11:33

Authorized King James Version

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Because that they have forsaken me, and have worshipped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the children of Ammon, and have not walked in my ways, to do that which is right in mine eyes, and to keep my statutes and my judgments, as did David his father.

Original Language Analysis

יַ֣עַן׀ H3282
יַ֣עַן׀
Strong's: H3282
Word #: 1 of 24
properly, heed; by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to indicate the reason or cause
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 24
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
עֲזָב֗וּנִי Because that they have forsaken H5800
עֲזָב֗וּנִי Because that they have forsaken
Strong's: H5800
Word #: 3 of 24
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֮ me and have worshipped H7812
וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֮ me and have worshipped
Strong's: H7812
Word #: 4 of 24
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
לְעַשְׁתֹּרֶת֮ Ashtoreth H6253
לְעַשְׁתֹּרֶת֮ Ashtoreth
Strong's: H6253
Word #: 5 of 24
ashtoreth, the phoenician goddess of love (and increase)
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god H430
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god
Strong's: H430
Word #: 6 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
צִֽדֹנִין֒ of the Zidonians H6722
צִֽדֹנִין֒ of the Zidonians
Strong's: H6722
Word #: 7 of 24
a tsidonian or inhabitant of tsidon
לִכְמוֹשׁ֙ Chemosh H3645
לִכְמוֹשׁ֙ Chemosh
Strong's: H3645
Word #: 8 of 24
kemosh, the god of the moabites
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god H430
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god
Strong's: H430
Word #: 9 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
מוֹאָ֔ב of the Moabites H4124
מוֹאָ֔ב of the Moabites
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 10 of 24
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
וּלְמִלְכֹּ֖ם and Milcom H4445
וּלְמִלְכֹּ֖ם and Milcom
Strong's: H4445
Word #: 11 of 24
milcom, the national idol of the ammonites
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god H430
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the god
Strong's: H430
Word #: 12 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
בְנֵֽי of the children H1121
בְנֵֽי of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 13 of 24
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
עַמּ֑וֹן of Ammon H5983
עַמּ֑וֹן of Ammon
Strong's: H5983
Word #: 14 of 24
ammon, a son of lot; also his posterity and their country
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 15 of 24
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הָלְכ֣וּ and have not walked H1980
הָלְכ֣וּ and have not walked
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 16 of 24
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
בִדְרָכַ֗י in my ways H1870
בִדְרָכַ֗י in my ways
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 17 of 24
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
לַֽעֲשׂ֨וֹת to do H6213
לַֽעֲשׂ֨וֹת to do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 18 of 24
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הַיָּשָׁ֧ר that which is right H3477
הַיָּשָׁ֧ר that which is right
Strong's: H3477
Word #: 19 of 24
straight (literally or figuratively)
בְּעֵינַ֛י in mine eyes H5869
בְּעֵינַ֛י in mine eyes
Strong's: H5869
Word #: 20 of 24
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
וְחֻקֹּתַ֥י and to keep my statutes H2708
וְחֻקֹּתַ֥י and to keep my statutes
Strong's: H2708
Word #: 21 of 24
a statute
וּמִשְׁפָּטַ֖י and my judgments H4941
וּמִשְׁפָּטַ֖י and my judgments
Strong's: H4941
Word #: 22 of 24
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
כְּדָוִ֥ד as did David H1732
כְּדָוִ֥ד as did David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 23 of 24
david, the youngest son of jesse
אָבִֽיו׃ his father H1
אָבִֽיו׃ his father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 24 of 24
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis & Commentary

Because that they have forsaken me, and have worshipped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the children of Ammon, and have not walked in my ways, to do that which is right in mine eyes, and to keep my statutes and my judgments, as did David his father.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's apostasy and death, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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